Laurentian Hills is a municipality formed in 2000 through the amalgamation of the former Town of Deep River and the Townships of Rolph, Buchanan, Wylie, and McKay. Situated along the Ottawa River between Chalk River and Deux Rivières, the area has a complex mix of Crown patent histories, expropriated federal lands, and timber limits. It is known for its proximity to the Canadian Nuclear Laboratories in Chalk River and a long history of scientific, forestry, and military activity.

The geography is dominated by forested hills, granite ridges, and shoreline development—traits typical of the Ottawa River’s rugged upper valley. Laurentian Hills has limited large-scale development but is notable for recreational cottage communities and seasonal access corridors.

Land surveyors working in Laurentian Hills encounter a blend of Crown concessions, military land surveys, and federal plans. Original concession lines are often disrupted by expropriations, especially near the Chalk River site. Long-standing shoreline encroachments, federal shoreline reserves, and easements for hydro and transportation corridors all factor into title resolution. Fieldwork often requires reconciling multiple plan layers from provincial and federal archives.